Magna Carta for Students Essay

Informative NOTE One of the greatest establishments of a dynamic country is an informed populace. Improvement in the various subject matters such a science and innovation, business, medication, sociology and others have realized exceptional headway in our current society. In an undeniably requesting and dynamic worldwide economy, intensity, in excess of a favorable position, is an unquestionable requirement. As communicated in the Philippine Constitution, training is one of the needs of the State. Beside the essential needs, for example, food, safe house and attire, it is one of the essential necessities that the State ought to accommodate its constituents. While the private area is a functioning member in the advancement of instruction at present, the governrnent should in any case lead in guaranteeing its quality and availability. It ought to be perceived that the full advancement of the understudies isn't reliant only on books and talks. Beside furnishing them with a domain conductive to learning, it is the obligation of the State to guarantee the nature of training that goes past the sides of the homeroom; for without a doubt the genuine exercises in life are picked up in reality. In any case, the current formal instructive framework has, somehow, denied the understudies of the opportunity to build up their maximum capacity. This Magna Carta for Students means to balance the opportunity of the understudies to affirmation in school and to profit of skillful and quality instruction. It tries to give measures to guarantee that the understudies can practice their privileges to sort out, option to take part in strategy making, right to scholastic opportunity, and option to free articulation and data. Consequently, the section of this bill is genuinely looked for. Congressperson FIFTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES First Regular Session ) HI Senate Bill No. JUl. - 8 A9 :(). :I 911 INTRODUCED BY SEN. JINGGOY EJERCITO ESTRADA AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MAGNA CARTA OF STUDENTS Be it authorized by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress gathered: SECTION 1. Students†. Title. This Act will be known as the â€Å"Magna Carta of CHAPTER I GENERAL PRINCIPLES SEC. 2. Statement of Policy. It is therefore announced to be the strategy of the State to advance and secure the privileges of understudies to empower them to take an interest effectively and adequately in the popularity based procedures of successful dynamic and formative changes in the public arena. SEC. 3. Core values. This Act pronounces the accompanying as essential core values: (a) The formal instructive framework being the primary institutional component for conferring information and creating abilities is given need consideration and backing by the govemment. Instruction is a privilege and not an insignificant benefit. It is in this manner the duty of the State to give quality training open at all educational program levels. Understudy associations upgrade fair procedures on the grounds. Participation and dynamic which advance and secure students’ rights and government assistance andor add to national improvement will be ensured by the State and school specialists. Understudy associations will not be liable to decides and guidelines that unduly hamper their exercises and are biased to their destinations and interests, gave such goals, exercises and interests are with the school’s mission. Understudy councils’governments being the most agent of the studentry and the most elevated articulation of understudy power nearby will be counseled in the definition of school arrangements legitimately influencing understudies. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) . (g) Student distribution will fill in as a head, vehicle for nothing and capable articulation, spread of data, and association, among the various segments of the scholarly network . With their vote based rights ensured, understudies can fill in as a strong and pertinent power in the country’s social change. SEC. 4. Meaning of Terms. As utilized in this Act, the accompanying terms will mean: (a) â€Å"Student† †any individual joined up with school in post auxiliary, tertiary, graduate and post graduate levels, including professional and specialized instruction. â€Å"School† †any private, open or government-run and financed scholastic instructive foundation offering any or all courses in the previously mentioned levels. â€Å"School campus† †the totality of all touching or proximate structures, grounds and different offices planned by the school as regions or offices for the utilization of its understudies. â€Å"Governing Board† †the most noteworthy strategy making body of the school, for example, Board of Directors, Trustees or Regents. â€Å"Student Council/Government† †the body speaking to the entire understudy populace in one school or school grounds whose officials are yearly chosen everywhere by the entire understudy populace as per its constitution and by-laws, assuming any. â€Å"Council of Leaders† †the body made out of the heads of different stUdent associations led by the President/Chairman of the Student Council. â€Å"Tuition Fee† †The expense speaking to coordinate expenses of guidelines, preparing and other related exercises, and the utilization of school offices. The term â€Å"other school fees† alludes to expenses which spread other fundamental costs steady of guidance, including yet not restricted to clinical and dental, athletic, library, research center, and Citizen Army Training (CAT) or Citizen Military Training (CMT) charges. Section II RIGHT TO ADMISSION AND QUALITY EDUCATION SEC. 5. Confirmation. . (a) No understudy will be denied admission to any school by virtue of his/her physical impairment, financial status, political or strict convictions, or will pregnant understudies and ensured improved medication abusers be oppressed. An understudy will reserve the option to uninhibitedly pick his/her field of study subject to existing educational programs and the instituti. on’s affirmations approaches and to proceed with his/her course up to graduation aside from if there should arise an occurrence of scholastic lack, failure to meet program necessity, or infringement of disciplinary guidelines which don't encroach upon the activity of students’ rights. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (b) SEC. 6. Rights to Competent Instruction and Relevant Quality Education. Each understudy will reserve the option to able guidance and quality instruction to pertinent to his/her own and social advancement andâ that of the country, and proportionate to the school expenses paid, and for state organizations, open appropriations conceded. Understudies will reserve the option to make a composed assessment of the presentation of their instructors close to the furthest limit of the school term. SEC. 7. Right to Adequate Student Services and Academic Facilities. It will be the duty of the school organization to give the understudies satisfactory understudy administrations and scholarly offices proportionate to the school charges paid, and for SCUs, open appropriations conceded. Part III RIGHT TO ORGANIZE SEC. 8. Option to Organize among Themselves. Solidarity and aggregate exertion being central to the acknowledgment of shared objective and the advancement and security of basic intrigue, the State perceives the privilege of understudy to sort out among themselves . . The privileges of understudy to frame, help, or join any grounds association, union or alliance, not in opposition to the school crucial, their physical, scholarly, good, social, otherworldly and political intrigue will not be compressed. SEC. 9. Understudy Council/Government. The State will guarantee the vote based and independent presence of understudy gatherings/governments. Compatible thereto, there will be one understudy chamber/government for each school grounds, which will be given acknowledgment by the school, universities and colleges concerned. It will have its own. set of officials chose in yearly well known races. Each understudy board/government will reserve the option to decide its arrangements and program on understudy exercises subject to this appropriately confirmed sanction or constitution, school rules and guideline, and state strategy. SEC. 10. Acknowledgment of and Granting of benefits to Student Organizations. No nonsensical necessities will be forced on understudy associations looking for acknowledgment. The rules concerning acknowledgment will be defined by the Student Affairs Office in meeting with the understudy gathering. The procedure for looking for acknowledgment will start upon the accommodation to the Student Affairs Office by the association worried on its (1) idea paper and constitution; and (2) a proper letter routed to the Student Affairs expressing that the organization’s expectation to be perceived. Acknowledgment will be conceded by the Students issues Office upon consistence with the rules. There will be no separation in the task of school offices and giving of different benefits to understudy associations. Unnecessary charges for the utilization of school offices will be precluded. At whatever point conceivable the school organization will permit stud~nt associations to utilize school offices gratis. SEC. 11. Coordination of Student Organizations’ Activities. All here and there grounds exercises of understudy association will be facilitated by the understudy chamber/government in meeting with the Student issues office. The Committee on Elections (COMELEC) established to direct the appointment of the officials of the understudy gathering/government will be made exclusively out of true blue understudy of the school. The lead of the understudy board political race will be held in a joint effort with the Student Affairs Office. SEC. 12. Forbiddance against the Use of Force and Exaction and Excessive. All grounds association will be restricted from utilizing power in inception and from demanding unnecessary expenses from their individuals, just as in their different student’s activiti

How to Write a Great Community Service Essay

Step by step instructions to Write a Great Community Service Essay SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Is it accurate to say that you are applying to a school or a grant that requires a network administration essay?Do you realize how to compose an article that will intrigue perusers and plainly show the effect your work had on yourself as well as other people? Peruse on to learn bit by bit directions for composing an incredible network administration article that will assist you with sticking out and be important. What Is a Community Service Essay? For what reason Do You Need One? A people group administration paper is an article that portrays the humanitarian effort you did and the effect it had on you and your community.Community administration papers can fluctuate broadly relying upon explicit necessities recorded in the application, at the same time, all in all, they depict the work you did, why you found the work significant, and how it profited individuals around you. Network administration papers are ordinarily required for two reasons: 1. To Apply to College A few universities expect understudies to compose network administration articles as a feature of their application or to be qualified for specific grants. You may likewise decide to feature your locale administration work in your own announcement. 2. To Apply for Scholarships A few grants are explicitly granted to understudies with remarkable network administration encounters, and many use network administration expositions to help pick grant beneficiaries. Green Mountain College offers one of the most renowned of these grants. Their Have any kind of effect Scholarship offers full educational cost, room, and board to understudies who have shown a critical, positive effect through their locale administration Beginning With Your Essay In the accompanying segments, I'll go over each progression of how to design and compose your exposition. I'll additionally incorporate example portions for you to look throughso you can show signs of improvement thought of what perusers are searching for when they audit your article. Stage 1: Know the Essay Requirements Before your beginning composing a solitary word, you ought to be comfortable with the article prompt.Each school or grant will have various necessities for their exposition, so ensure you read these cautiously and get them. Explicit things to focus on include: Length necessity Application cutoff time The principle reason or focal point of the exposition In the event that the exposition ought to follow a particular structure The following are three genuine network administration article prompts. Peruse them and notice the amount they varyin terms of length, detail, and what data the author ought to incorporate. From the AXA Achievement Scholarship: Depict your remarkable accomplishment top to bottom and give the particular arranging, preparing, objectives, and steps taken to make the achievement fruitful. Incorporate insights concerning your job and feature initiative you gave. Your paper must be at least 350 words yet not in excess of 600 words. From the Laura W. Bramble Traveling Scholarship: Paper (up to 500 words, twofold separated) clarifying your enthusiasm for being considered for the honor and how your proposed venture reflects or is identified with both UNESCO’s order and U.S. interests in advancing harmony by sharing advances in instruction, science, culture, and correspondences. From the LULAC National Scholarship Fund: If it's not too much trouble type or print a paper of 300 words (most extreme) on how your scholastic examinations will add to your own proficient objectives. Likewise, if you don't mind talk about any network administration or extracurricular exercises you have been engaged with that identify with your objectives. Need to compose the ideal school application article? Get proficient assistance from PrepScholar. Your committed PrepScholar Admissions advisor will make your ideal school article, from the beginning. We'll get familiar with your experience and interests, conceptualize exposition subjects, and walk you through the article drafting process, bit by bit. Toward the end, you'll have a one of a kind paper that you'll gladly submit to your top decision universities. Try not to leave your school application to risk. Discover progressively about PrepScholar Admissions now: Stage 2: Brainstorm Ideas Significantly after you comprehend what the exposition ought to be about, it can even now be hard to start composing. Answer the accompanying inquiries to assist conceptualize with trying thoughts. You might have the option to join your answers into your article. What people group administration action that you’ve partook in has implied the most to you? What is your preferred memory from performing network administration? For what reason did you choose to start network administration? What caused you to choose to chip in where you did? How has your locale administration transformed you? How has your locale administration helped other people? How has your locale administration influenced your arrangements for what's to come? You don’t need to address all the inquiries, however on the off chance that you discover you have a great deal of thoughts for one of two of them, those might be things you need to remember for your article. Composing Your Essay How you structure your exposition will rely upon the prerequisites of the grant or school you are applying to. You may give a diagram of all the work you did as a volunteer, or feature an especially critical encounter. You may concentrate on your self-improvement or how your locale profited. Notwithstanding the particular structure mentioned, follow the rules beneath to ensure your locale administration paper is significant and plainly shows the effect of your work. Tests of fair and fantastic expositions are incorporated underneath to give you a superior ideaof how you should draft your own paper. Stage 1: Hook Your Reader In You need the individual perusing your paper to be intrigued, so your first sentence should snare them in and tempt them to peruse more.A great approach to do this is to begin in the activity. Your first sentence could portray you helping assemble a house, discharging a protected creature back to the wild, viewing an understudy you coached read a book all alone, or something different that rapidly gets the peruser interested.This will help set your exposition apart and make it increasingly vital. Think about these two opening sentences: I have chipped in at the Wishbone Pet Shelter for a long time. The second I saw the destitute, mud-splattered little dog carried into the asylum humiliated, I realized I'd do whatever I could to spare it. The main sentence is a general, flat explanation. Most of network administration expositions presumably start a great deal like it, yet it gives the peruser little data and does nothing to attract them. Then again, the subsequent sentence starts quickly with activity and convinces the peruser to continue perusing so they can realize what befell the canine. Stage 2: Discuss the Work You Did Once you’ve snared your peruser in with your first sentence, enlighten them regarding your locale administration experiences.State where you work, when you started working, how much time you’ve spent there, and what your primary obligations include.This will help the peruser immediately put the remainder of the exposition in setting and comprehend the nuts and bolts of your locale administration work. Excluding fundamental insights regarding your locale administration could leave your peruser confounded. Stage 3: Include Specific Details It’s the subtleties of your locale administration that make your experience remarkable and paramount, so go into the points of interest of what you did.For model, don’t simply state you chipped in at a nursing home; talk about understanding Mrs. Johnson her preferred book, watching Mr. Scott succeed at bingo, and seeing the occupants mess around with their grandkids at the family day you organized.Try to incorporate explicit exercises, minutes, and individuals in your essay.Having subtleties like these let the perusers truly comprehend what work you did and how it contrasts from other volunteer encounters. Look at these two entries: For my humanitarian effort, I coached kids at a nearby grade school. I helped them improve their math abilities and become increasingly certain understudies. As a volunteer at York Elementary School, I worked one-on-one with second and third graders who battled with their math abilities, especially expansion, deduction, and divisions. As a major aspect of my work, I would make practice issues and tests and attempt to associate math to the understudies' advantages. One of my preferred recollections was when Sara, an understudy I had been working with for a little while, disclosed to me that she appreciated the math issues I had made about a young lady purchasing and selling ponies so much that she requested to assist me with making math issues for different understudies. The main section just gives essential data about the work done by the volunteer; there is next to no detail included, and no proof is given to help her cases. How could she assist understudies with improving their math aptitudes? How could she realize they were getting progressively certain? The subsequent entry is substantially more definite. It relates a particular story and clarifies all the more completely what sort of work the volunteer did, just as a particular example of an understudy getting increasingly sure with her math abilities. Giving more detail in your exposition helps support your claimsas well as make your article increasingly critical and remarkable. Stage 4: Show Your Personality It would be difficult to get a grant or spot at a school if none of your perusers felt like they thought a lot about you subsequent to completing your article, so ensure that your exposition shows your personality.The approach to do this is to express your own qualities, at that point give guides to help your claims.Take some an opportunity to consider which parts of your character you might want your paper to feature, at that point expound on explicit guides to show this. Models: On the off chance that you need to show that you’re a persuaded pioneer, portray when you sorted out an occasion or regulated different volunteers. On the off chance that you need to show your cooperation aptitudes, expound on a period you helped a gathering of individuals cooperate better. On the off chance that you need to show that you’re a humane creature darling, expound on taking consideration

McKinley Health Center

McKinley Health Center Last weekend, my throat was feeling a little rough on the one side. This was particularly troubling because it started on the same night that The 1975 came to the State Farm Center. After a couple days passed after the concert and I realized that the throat scratchiness was probably not caused by all the singing along at the concert, I figured that I should probably get this problem checked out by a doctor. After all, a college student spends much time around other people that may be sick, as well. On Monday morning, I called McKinley Health Center and scheduled an appointment for Tuesday. One of the nicest things about the McKinley Health Center is the fact that if you need to visit for anything at all, your visit is covered by the student fees that you pay each semester. This means that students do not need to hesitate to see a doctor about anything that may hold them back from being the best student that they can possibly be. From The Black Sheep Upon arriving at Mckinley Health Center, I checked in at one of the computers and was instructed about which clinic I would be seen in. The staff was extremely nice and ready to assist with anything at all. Once I was in the exam room, it was no time at all and I was with the doctor. After some examination, the doctor told me that I had pharyngitis. She said that I would need to take medication for the next few days, and I would be much better soon. Along with the doctors visit, the medication was also paid for by my student fees. This weekend, I can look back on my visit to McKinley with gratitude. I am very thankful that Illinois is home to such a wonderful health facility. On such a large and expansive campus as this one, it is always nice to know that you have such a great resource for your health. Since cold and flu season is just around the season, it is likely that I will be taking another trip to McKinley in the future. As much as I would love to stay away from McKinley, I know that I am in good hands with their wonderful staff. Jacob Class of 2019 I’m an Advertising student within the College of Media. My hometown is a place called Fairmount, Illinois, which is about 30 minutes from campus. I began my Illinois journey in the Division of General Studies.

Cactus Hill (USA) - Possible Preclovis Site in Virginia

Cactus Hill (Smithsonian designation 44SX202) is the name of a buried multi-component archaeological site on the coastal plain of the Nottaway River in Sussex County, Virginia. The site has both Archaic and Clovis occupations, but most importantly and once quite controversially, below the Clovis and separated by what appears to be a variably thick (7–20 centimeters or about 3–8 inches) level of sterile sand, is what excavators argue is a Pre-Clovis occupation. Data from the Site Excavators report that the Pre-Clovis level has a stone tool assemblage with heavy percentages of quartzite blades, and pentangular (five-sided) projectile points. Data on the artifacts has yet to be published in detailed peer-reviewed contexts, but even skeptics agree the assemblage includes small polyhedral cores, blade-like flakes, and basally thinned bifacial points.   Numerous projectile points were recovered from the various levels of Cactus Hill, including Middle Archaic Morrow Mountain Points and two classic fluted Clovis points. Two projectile points from what are thought to be Pre-Clovis levels are named Cactus Hill points. Based on the photographs published in Johnson, Cactus Hill points are small point, made from a blade or flake, and pressure flaked. They have slightly concave bases, and parallel to slightly curved side margins. Radiocarbon dates on wood from the Pre-Clovis level range between 15,070 ±70 and 18,250 ±80 RCYBP, calibrated to approximately  18,200–22,000 years ago. Luminescence dates taken on feldspar and quartzite grains in the various levels of the site agree, with some exceptions, with the radiocarbon assays. The luminescence dates suggest that the site stratigraphy is primarily intact and has been little affected by the movement of artifacts down through the sterile sand. Seeking the Perfect Pre-Clovis Site Cactus Hill is still somewhat controversial, in part no doubt because the site was among the earliest to be considered Preclovis in date. The Pre-Clovis occupation was not stratigraphically sealed and artifacts were assigned to Pre-Clovis levels based on their relative elevation in an environment of sand, where bioturbation by animals and insects can easily move artifacts up and down in a profile (see Bocek 1992 for a discussion). Further, some of the luminescence dates on the Pre-Clovis level ranged as young as 10,600 to 10,200 years ago. No features were identified: and, it must be said that the site is just not a perfect context. However, other, completely credible Pre-Clovis sites have been and continue to be identified, and Cactus Hills shortcomings may today be of less significance. Multiple instances of fairly secure preclovis sites in North and South America, particularly in the Pacific Northwest and along the Pacific coast, have made these issues seem less compelling. Further, the Blueberry Hill site in the Nottoway River valley (see Johnson 2012) also reportedly contains cultural levels stratigraphically below Clovis-period occupations. Cactus Hill and Politics Cactus Hill isnt a perfect example of a Pre-Clovis site. While the west coast presence of Pre-Clovis in North America is accepted, the dates are pretty early for an east-coast site. However, the context for the Clovis and Archaic sites also in the sand sheet would be similarly imperfect, except that Clovis and American Archaic occupations are firmly accepted in the region and so no one questions their reality. The arguments concerning when and how people arrived in the Americas are slowly being revised, but the debate will likely continue for some time to come. Cactus Hills status as a credible evidence of preclovis occupation in Virginia remains one of those questions yet to be fully resolved. Sources Feathers JK, Rhodes EJ, Huot S, and MJM. 2006. Luminescence dating of sand deposits related to late Pleistocene human occupation at the Cactus Hill Site, Virginia, USA. Quaternary Geochronology 1(3):167-187.Goebel T. 2013. Archaeological Records: Global expansion 300,000–8000 years ago, Americas. In: Mock SAEJ, editor. Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science (Second Edition). Amsterdam: Elsevier. p 119-134.Goebel T, Waters MR, and O’Rourke DH. 2008. The Late Pleistocene Dispersal of Modern Humans in the Americas. Science 319:1497-1502.Johnson MF. 2012. Cactus Hill, Rubis-Pearsall and Blueberry Hill: one is an accident; two is a coincidence; three is a pattern – predicting old dirt in the Nottoway river valley of Southeastern Virginia, U.S.A. Exeter: University of Exeter.Wagner DP, and McAvoy JM. 2004. Pedoarchaeology of Cactus Hill, a sandy Paleoindian site in southeastern Virginia, U.S.A. Geoarchaeology 19(4):297-322.Wagner DP. 2017. Cactus Hill, Virginia. In: Gilber t AS, editor. Encyclopedia of Geoarchaeology. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. p 95-95.

Investigating Patterns Of Mortality Among Women...

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The imp ortance of this study is openly expressed by the article. The researcher’s draws attention by stating that the number of contacts with the health care services is much greater for women who are victims of domestic violence in comparison to those of physical disorders. The researcher’s also indicated that other factors such as age may contribute to the prevalence of violence and to the exposure to violence. The specific research question(s) asked: Do women victims of severe violence have an increased risk of premature death (a) inShow MoreRelatedCommunity Health Nursing Final Exam Study Guide Essay15874 Words   |  64 Pagesthe ED is extremely expensive. Critical interventions are very costly, and so are all the diagnostic tests that must be done. They usually don’t have insurance. High mental heath issues in the homeless population. High risk for infections, trauma, violence. Don’t age very well. Where do they seek health care services? 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Chapter 3 presents the behavioral theory and treatment of OCD, with particular attention to their shortcomings that led to a greater emphasis on the cognitive approach among behavioral researchers of OCD. Chapter 4 examines whether a general cognitive deficit might account for the persistence of obsessive–compulsive symptoms, and Chapters 5 through 7 discuss current theories and research that are the basis of contemporary

Nuclear Fusion vs. Nuclear Fission Free Essays

This paper entitled â€Å"Nuclear Fusion vs. Nuclear Fission† intends to compare and contrast nuclear fusion and nuclear fission. It aims to provide the definition of nuclear fusion and immediately describe nuclear fission as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Nuclear Fusion vs. Nuclear Fission or any similar topic only for you Order Now It also plans to briefly discuss how it occurs and what is necessitated for the nuclear fusion and nuclear fission to occur. Finally, it aspires to mention the advantages that nuclear fusion and nuclear fission may bring in later. Definition Nuclear fusion is technically defined as â€Å"the occurrence where two atomic nuclei amalgamate† (Wikipedia n.p.). Such joining occurs in all the stars, of course, including the Sun (Wikipedia n.p.). If it does not happen then we will not experience warmth and we will forever be in the dark (Wikipedia n.p.). On the other hand, nuclear fission is technically defined as â€Å"the course of action of breaking up atoms† (Wikipedia n.p.). If such an action is quite difficult to understand, try to imagine countless balls on the floor, cluttered, however, appearing to form a circle, if an individual throws in another ball, surely, the aforementioned circle will become more disorderly and will soar in all directions (Wikipedia n.p.). The circle is actually a representation of the nucleus and the ball thrown by the individual is considered as the â€Å"neutron bullet† (Wikipedia n.p.). Requirement for its Occurrence Furthermore, for a nuclear fusion to take place, exceptionally high energies are considered necessary to combine the nuclei collectively (Wikipedia n.p.). This is very much necessitated to prevail over the coulomb barrier involving two nuclei which are positively charged (Wikipedia n.p.). This will enable extreme closeness that will produce a physically powerful nuclear force that will connect or fasten or join the nuclei (Wikipedia n.p.). In stars, nuclear fusion happens without difficulty because there is the existence of elevated density and high temperature (Wikipedia n.p.). In fact, it has a range or approximately 10-15 meters (Wikipedia n.p.). On the other hand, for a nuclear fission to take place, we will need a neutron to trigger the aforementioned (Wikipedia n.p.). It is very important that a ball or a neutron bullet and not another kind be thrown at the circle or the atomic nucleus (Wikipedia n.p.). This is simply because if otherwise, the ball would not reach the target at all since the nucleus is positively charged just like the ball (Wikipedia n.p.). What will happen then is that they nucleus and the ball will repel each other (Wikipedia n.p.). That’s why, again, only a neutron will not get repelled and so it contributes largely to the possibility of a nuclear fission to take place (Wikipedia n.p.). Advantages Moreover, in terms of advantages, in nuclear fusion, the amount of fusion that can occur is actually unlimited (Wikipedia n.p.). In addition to that, source of fuel is immeasurable and inexhaustible because of the Deuterium that comes from the seas (Wikipedia n.p.). Furthermore, in nuclear fusion, we don’t have to worry too much about reactor accidents that may take place because of the fact that a very small amount of fuel is involved in it (Wikipedia n.p.). Also, it produces inexpensive fuel (Wikipedia n.p.). It also produces electricity safely (Wikipedia n.p.). The reactor materials involved, as well as, the unburned fuel may possibly be recycled as well (Wikipedia n.p.). Yet another very essential advantage is the absence of greenhouse effect (Wikipedia n.p.). Last but not least, in nuclear fusion, the waste products coming from it are much less radioactive, thus easier to manage (Wikipedia n.p.). On the other hand, in nuclear fission, the amount of fission that may occur is limited (Wikipedia n.p.). In addition to that, in nuclear fission, the waste products are much more radioactive, thus more difficult to take care of (Wikipedia n.p.). References Wikipedia. Nuclear Fusion. 21 April 2007. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 22 April 2007 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_fusion                         How to cite Nuclear Fusion vs. Nuclear Fission, Essay examples

Supermarket Management Industrial Engineering

Question: Discuss about the Supermarket Managementfor Industrial Engineering. Answer: The Supermarket named the OZ supermarket was recently opened (Pinchin et al. 2014). A variety of products are available in the supermarket ranging from the family and stationary products to the items that are non-perishable. In addition to offering the variety of the products the supermarket officials are also looking to implement an unique and innovative billing system for the benefit of the customers. They have realized that it is very irritating and also very time consuming for the customers to wait in the long queues for the billing of the products. In addition to this process becomes very complex and irritating for the supermarket staffs as well. Hence, the implementation of this system would benefit the staffs and as well as satisfy the customers also. Hence this would encourage the customers to visit the supermarket more and increase their sales and enhance their reputation as well. The supermarket authorities have decided to abolish the system of cash payment methods. They opted for the cashless procedures instead. They wanted the new billing system to be automatic. Hence, it would not require any manual procedures. For the implementation, these features into their billing system the supermarket authorities are looking to use the espouse Pay Wave Technology. This system would be changing the concept of the basic billing systems in the markets. The process would allow the users or the buyers to just walk into the supermarket make the purchase and simply walk out of the store without having to worry about standing in the long queues for much longer. The system would implement a number of procedures (Peng et al. 2014). In this purchase is made simply by putting the product into the trolley and simply exiting the supermarket complex. The rest of the processes are performed automatically. The trolleys are equipped with the RDIF or the Radio Frequency Identification System. In this system the tagging and the labeling methods of the products are performed. For labeling the items or the products a chip is used. The chip is installed into the products and they would contain the details about the product in them. The information such as the product id, the product name and the status of the current product is stored in the chip. The products can also be tracked with the help of these chips. Some additional chips are installed into the trolley also. These chips can detect the product once it is placed into the trolley. When an item is placed into the trolley chip in the trolley detects the chip that is installed in the items (Green et al. 2016). After this process the cost of the product is detected and added to the bill of the customer. In this way the chips keeps on adding the costs to the bill of the customer. In addition to this the total bill of the customer is calculated once the person leaves the complete with the products and the totaled bill is deducted from the balance of the customer and the balance on the customer account is updated accordingly. The balance and the account details of the customers are maintained with the PayWave Card. In addition to the chips are also designed very efficiently. If customer feels like returning the product or changes the mind, they can simply place the product back to the place from where they took it and the bill on their card would get reduced. In addition to all these the system also has an efficient monitoring procedure in it. The system would prohibit the customers from the act of stealing products or leaving the supermarket complex without proper payment for the product that they have procured from the market. For implementing this, the chips have an alert system installed in them. This would detect the current balance of the customer and check if the customer has an appropriate balance or not. The alarm goes if the bill of the customer exceeds the current balance in the account of the customer. This kind of situations can also arise unintentionally, when the customer is not aware of the balance in his account and make the purchase without proper knowledge. In this kind of situation the customer can go the customer care desk and refill their account instantly. There is also a provision for temporary cards for those who do not possess a Pay Wave card. In addition to this, the parking policies that are implemented by the supermarket are also very efficient. According to the policy of the company the parking charges are higher during the peak seasons and are lowered during the lean seasons. In addition to this the supermarket also has some compensation policies for the senior citizens and the handicapped. Recommendations Although the existing procedures of the supermarket are very efficient yet some recommendations are provided to improve the overall outlook of the supermarket structures. Implementation of the cash system besides the cashless system: In addition to the adopted method of the cashless billing system, the organization should also have a provision for the cash billing system (Oyewole et al., 2013). This would enable the customers to opt for the system in case of urgency. This would also allow the current staffs of the supermarket to preserve their position in the organization. Staff Satisfaction: If the systems are implemented the organization would have no further use of the present staffs in the financial departments (Edwards et al., 2014). Hence, they should be allocated to some different sectors of the supermarket. This would increase the efficiency of the super,market and also keep the staffs satisfied with the organization. Monitoring: There should be proper monitoring process in place for looking over the components that are used in the system (Mascia et al., 2014). It is to be seen that the components are not stolen or tampered with. In addition to this it is also to be seen that the components are functioning properly or not. This be helping in tracking the product of the supermarket and maintaining the efficiency of the system. The supermarket authorities have a perfect plan in place for the implementation of the cashless system. This system would increase the ease of accessibility with which the customers can buy products in the supermarket. This would increase the amount of satisfaction of the customers. This is very effective for the business as the level of customer satisfaction is very essential for any type of businesses. In addition to the efficiency of the company the reputation of the company is also enhanced with the increased amount of customer satisfactions. Therefore the authorities of the supermarket should make this an important issue for themselves. Hence the authorities of the supermarket wanted to implement the cashless method for the billing system of the supermarket. As a result of the implementation of the system the customer ease of access is increased and they are satisfied with the system in return. In addition to the customer satisfaction the authorities of the supermarket can also implement a feedback system that would help the system to obtain the information about the processes from the customers point of view. With this system the customers would be able to provide the authorities with the issues that they are facing or also the suggestions for the improvement of the system. The authorities can act on the feedbacks and provide efficient solutions for the situations. This would increase the overall efficiency for the organization and also enhance the relationship in between the organization and the customers. For the implementation of these procedures the supermarket can implement the following procedures. Product and Service Rating System. The supermarket can obtain feedbacks from the customers about the products that they sell to the customers or also the products that they offer to the customers and also for the services that they provide to the customers. The organization should try and implement a system in which the customer would be able to provide feedback and ratings for the product and services of the supermarket. The customers would be able to service ratings as soon as they leave the complex of the supermarket. In addition to this there should also be a online system where the customers would be able to provide the ratings of the product that they have purchased. In addition to this the customers should also have a say over the prices of the products. The authorities at the super market should record these ratings and work on improving them. They should keep in mind the average rating of a particular product while performing the audit of the products. In addition to this the rating system would also provide the supermarket indications about the popularity and the demand of the particular products. In addition to this it would also provide the indications about the areas that the supermarket is lacking in. hence this would increase the service and the product efficiency of the supermarket. Online Portal for the Customer Feedback. The supermarket authorities should try and implement an online portal for the customers so that they can provide the proper feedback and the feedbacks or the comments of the customers can be recorded in the portal. In addition to all these the portal should be online and active 24/7 so that the customers can provide their feedback and grievances at any time that they want. This would provide an efficient option for the customers to communicate with the system very easily. In addition to this the customers idea about the organization can also be noted easily by the authorities and would help them in acting immediately in resolving the situation. This would establish a very healthy relation in between the customer and the supermarket. In addition to this the customer satisfaction level would also be enhanced very efficiently. Implementation of Website for the Company and Provision of Customer Services in it. In addition to the rating system and the feedback system the company should also try and implement a website for their market. This would provide a number of options for the customers and also the company officials. The website would provide the customers with the information about the supermarket in details. In addition to this they would also provide information about the products that are offered by the supermarket. In addition to this the information about the operational activities of the supermarket and the list of holidays and the policies that are involved with it can also be obtained by the customers from the website. The website would also provide an efficient platform for the supermarket to provide advertisement of the new products that are going to be launched by the supermarket and also provide the information about the seasonal sales. The website would also help the customer to create an account where they would be able to view the information about themselves and updat e them. The account would be linked with the Pay Wave card of the customers and would update their bills and balances automatically on regular basis. In addition to this the website would also contain a customer service option where the customers would be able to contact the customer care center of the supermarket where they would be able to lodge any kind of complains or clear their doubts from the customer care executives. As a result of all this facilities the overall reputation of the supermarket would be efficiently enhanced. Customer Support System within the Supermarket In addition to the website the organization should also have a section in the website where there would be customer care center. They should be active 24/7 and process any kind of request made by the customer with an immediate effect. This would make the customers satisfied with the services and also increase the reputation of the supermarket. Hence, as a result this would increase the overall efficiency of the system that is implemented by the supermarket. References Battini, D., Persona, A., Sgarbossa, F. (2014). Innovative real-time system to integrate ergonomic evaluations into warehouse design and management. Computers Industrial Engineering, 77, 1-10. Cawley, J., Sweeney, M. J., Sobal, J., Just, D. R., Kaiser, H. M., Schulze, W. D., ... Wansink, B. (2015). The impact of a supermarket nutrition rating system on purchases of nutritious and less nutritious foods. Public health nutrition, 18(01), 8-14. Chang, Y., Chen, Y., Lu, L., Jia, M. (2015). Design of Electric Power Dispatching Management System based on Data Mining. Edwards, N. E., Beck, A. M., Lim, E. (2014). Influence of aquariums on resident behavior and staff satisfaction in dementia units. Western journal of nursing research, 36(10), 1309-1322. Faccio, M., Gamberi, M., Persona, A., Regattieri, A., Sgarbossa, F. (2013). Design and simulation of assembly line feeding systems in the automotive sector using supermarket, kanbans and tow trains: a general framework. Journal of Management Control, 24(2), 187-208. Fu, B., Li, B., Yuan, R. (2016, January). Introduction to the RFID Technology in the Application of the Smart Supermarket. In MATEC Web of Conferences (Vol. 40). EDP Sciences. Green Jr, K. W., Zelbst, P. J., Sower, V. E., Bellah, J. C. (2016). Impact of Radio Frequency Identification Technology on Environmental Sustainability. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 1-9. Grunert, K. G., Loebnitz, N., Zhou, Y. (2015, March). Supermarket literacy and use of branding in China: The case of fresh meat. In 143rd Joint EAAE/AAEA Seminar, March 25-27, 2015, Naples, Italy (No. 202703). European Association of Agricultural Economists. Kortemeyer, G., Drschler, S., Pritchard, D. E. (2014). Harvesting latent and usage-based metadata in a course management system to enrich the underlying educational digital library. International Journal on Digital Libraries, 14(1-2), 1-15. Mascia, M. B., Pailler, S., Thieme, M. L., Rowe, A., Bottrill, M. C., Danielsen, F., ... Burgess, N. D. (2014). Commonalities and complementarities among approaches to conservation monitoring and evaluation. Biological Conservation, 169, 258-267. Oyewole, O. S., El-Maude, J. G., Abba, M., Onuh, M. E. (2013). Electronic payment system and economic growth: a review of transition to cashless economy in Nigeria. Int J Sci Eng Technol, 2, 913-918. Pedersen, R., Schwensen, J., Biegel, B., Stoustrup, J., Green, T. (2014). Aggregation and control of supermarket refrigeration systems in a smart grid. IFAC Proceedings Volumes, 47(3), 9942-9949. Peng, M., Peng, Y., Chen, H. (2014). Post-seismic supply chain risk management: A system dynamics disruption analysis approach for inventory and logistics planning. Computers Operations Research, 42, 14-24. Pinchin, J., Brown, M., Blum, J., Shaw, D., Blakey, J. (2014, May). Integrating wifi based positioning with a job management system to study task management behaviour. In Position, Location and Navigation Symposium-PLANS 2014, 2014 IEEE/ION (pp. 193-200). IEEE. Wen, X., Yang, Z., Wang, Z., Zhao, M. (2014). Exploration on Cultivating Students Abilities Based on Python Teaching Practice. In 2nd International Conference on Teaching and Computational Science Press.

There Are As Many M.Os As There Are Serial Killers, Although They Sha

There are as many M.O's as there are serial killers, although they share some similarities their crimes also are as unique and bizarre as they are chilling and unbelievable. Not surprisingly there also appears to be as many theories and debates as to the cause of this destructive and heinous behavior. As with many mental illnesses there is a debate between the genetic and or biological aspects and the sociological contributors being the cause of this disturbing phenomenon. The biogenic / sociogenic debate brings up the issue of which is the cause and which is the effect , or which came first ? Were bad genes the cause of a chemical disturbance which in turn caused the behavior problems or was it the other way around? Is the reason that almost all serial killers have bedwetting problems sometimes reaching into their teens caused by sociological factors, disturbing circumstances that they have been subjected to, or is it caused by some sort of imbalance ? This chicken and egg dilemna h as been argued by the psychology faction and the sociology faction. Recently there has been more of a middle ground taken. Each side has begun to admit that there is most likely a blend of circumstances that come together, chemical and or genetic defects added to a unique set of sociological factors which in turn give birth to that set of personality traits and disorders that collectively create the societal monster known as the serial killer. "Causal factors for an antisocial personality include a possible biological disposition, childhood trauma (shown by the vast majority or serial killers), possible neurological factors in the control of impulsivity regarding seratonin levels in the brain , and heredity"(Giannangelo,p 8). Although the biological factors seem to vary widely from head trauma to epilepsy, to abnormal EEG's and or a combination of these traits and others, there is a definite pattern of sociological factors that most all of the serial killers are subjected to during their formative years. These killers childhoods all have a form of abuse as a key element be it emotional, physical, sexual, and or a combination of the three. The more one reads into the history of the childhoods of these killers the easier it is to see how most were manufactured , a product of their extremely cruel, bizarre , unusual environment. Many of the parents of serial killers were alcoholics and abusive to them and to each other, among them :Albert DeSalvo, Ed Gein, John Wayne Gacy, and Peter Kurten to name a few. There are unfortunately many more who suffered extreme emotional, as well as physical abuse. "Henry Lee Lucas was forced to watch his mother have sex with various men, was beaten mercilessly daily, was made to eat from the floor, and was brought up as a girl until age 7 wearing long hair and a dress." (Egger ,p. 146.) Henry Lee Lucas grew up to be the murderer of 10 women between 1970 and 1983, the only thing that stopped his killing spree was his capture. Gerald Stano was the fifth born to a mother who lost all of her children to adoption due to abuse and neglect. When Gerald was removed from his home he was malnourished, physically and emotionally neglected and functioning at an animalistic level." (Sears,p. 37). Stano confessed to and was convicted the murders of 25 women and was believed to be linked to 40 more. As a child Andrei Chikatilo witnessed the devastation of war firsthand, he saw the gathering of dismembered bodies of both soldiers and civilians, adults and children. "The experience that appears to have had the greatest impact was learning the harrowing tale of his older brother who was said to have been kidnapped and eaten." (Giannangelo, 58). Chikatilo was convicted of the murders of at least 53 children, he systematically hunted, dismembered, cannibalized, stabbed repeatedly and raped his victims. The list of atrocities against and performed by these monsters is unfortunately much longer. There are many questions than there are answers; one thing is certain as long as children are subjected to the sort of abuse and neglect that warps their personalities into something other than a caring, functioning human

11 Crucial Skills To Learn Before You Turn 25

11 Crucial Skills To Learn Before You Turn 25 You’re 24 and freaking out. On the one hand, you’re still so young and most of your adult life is before you, pristine and for the taking. On the other, you’re nearly 25. Avoid the impending quarter life crisis by helping yourself prepare. It is possible to feel like an adult at 24, and set yourself up for great success in your life and career. Lay down this good foundation now- while you still have a chance. Here are 11 skills every 24-year-old should master on the start of a long career path.1. Sell YourselfEven if you aren’t working in sales and never want to! So much of business success boils down to sales of one kind or another. Remember that you will have to present yourself as an asset and hot commodity many times in your career; what is anything but another sales pitch? Once you realize where (and how often) sales come into play, you can work that to your advantage and start to really pull ahead of the pack.2. Expand Your HorizonsYour comfort zone is only going to hold you back- in life and work. Spread your wings a little into your personal danger zone. Eat something you would never think to try. Travel to a place you wouldn’t ordinarily choose for vacation. Get experience in a job or neighborhood that doesn’t match your upbringing. Broaden your horizons. Try new things. Start risky ventures. Take on a challenging project. This is the time for all this learning. You’ll get a better perspective on the world, the people in it, and yourself.3. Get a Party TrickFigure out one thing that you are good at- or would like to be. And don’t just get good at it. Get really good at it. If it’s your job, so much the better. But if it’s a hobby, you never know; that could turn into a back-up plan someday.4. Make Networking MatterIt’s not just a matter of how many contacts you have, but how many of those contacts would be willing to go to bat for you. Don’t just meet people, prove your value to them. That way you’ll have a network of advocates, not just a network of profile links on social media.5. Learn CodingEven if you don’t see yourself as a computer person. Coding has become as common as reading and writing as far as skills go in the new economy. Learn it while you’re young and thank yourself later.6. Fall in LoveThere’s no right time in life for love. In fact, it’s better to experience true love and real relationships early. It will save you lots of heartache and loneliness in the future. Even if you don’t want to settle down young†¦ a bit of real love is worth a go.7. MeditateThere’s a reason for the recent spike in meditation and wellness and mindfulness apps. In our mad age of constantly being wired in to each other and the market, etc., it’s important to learn how to soothe and center yourself. Building a meditation practice young can really make a substantial difference in the rest of your li fe. Plus, some experts suggest that 20 minutes of meditation is almost as good as a full 2 hours of sleep.8. TravelSee the world. Create a passion for getting to know new and foreign places. Experience the world with compassion and excitement. Think how lucky you are, how you can help. What you can see and do.9. Invest your Leisure TimeInstead of that one extra episode of Scandal, try spending the time you have on your own development. Take a seminar, volunteer, learn a dance, read a book, exercise. Spend a good portion of your free time on personal improvement and development. You’ll thank you later.10. Quit WorryingWorrying changes nothing. Concentrate on finding solutions to problems when solutions are possible. And try to let go of the rest. Do your part, and do it well, then try to be Zen about outcomes you cannot control. Take care of yourself. Feed your body and your brain. This is much more productive than clamming up and freaking out.11. Save Your CashSeriously. Star t saving money. That one extra trendy outfit or night out at the club will not be worth it in the long run, when that money could be put to better use. Remember that compound interest can make you a millionaire in twenty years. Put away a small, but consistent amount of money every month. And never touch it. You’re welcome.

The logic of firm and market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The logic of firm and market - Essay Example . Individuals using RFID equipped credit cards are more vulnerable to this kind of thefts as it is very easy pick for unauthorized persons to gather information about the credit cards by just using a reader which just needs to be touched to the purse or wallet. This would generate instant information about the card present inside the wallet of an individual and can be misused in multiple ways without the actual owner even getting a hint of the misuse of the object. The problem has become more compounded in nature as sensitive documents like passports and driving licenses are also being issued bearing an RFID tag which makes them vulnerable to misuse. The video clip shows that in a very short span of time numerous customers can be duped of their sensitive documents without the customer even getting the slightest hint of the events happening around him/her. It has therefore tried to draw the attention of card makers and other such organizations to ensure preventive measures so as to pr event large scale misuse of this technology. Value Proposition is defined as â€Å"the business or marketing statement which summarizes the reasons as to why a customer should purchase the products and services of a firm, the nature of the statement should be such that it would be able to persuade a customer that a particular product or service offering is better than the other alternatives of the product or service available in the market† (Investopedia, â€Å"What Does Value Proposition Mean†).

Letters of credit have been described '' as the lifeblood of Essay

Letters of credit have been described '' as the lifeblood of international commerce'' . ( Kerr L J in R D Harbottle ( Mercant - Essay Example They are Open Account, Bill of Exchange, Documentary Bill and Letter of Credit.1 Open Account is a type of practice whereby contracting parties agree on payment of cash against order. This means the importer has to make advance payment along with his order. The risk for the importer is at a maximum. On the other hand, exporter assumes equal risk if he agrees to ship the goods and receive payment at a later date on or after delivery. Secondly, bill of exchange is an arrangement by which the exporter obtains an undertaking that the importer shall pay the value of goods received after a certain period from the date of supply, delivery or against despatch as the case may be. This is a negotiable instrument just as a cheque or promissory note and it is governed by the Bills of Exchange Act 1882. In case of default by the importer in payment, the exporter acquires legal rights to proceed against the importer. This arrangement is safer than an open account type of payments. The third type o f payment Documentary bill refers to Bill of Exchange accompanied by the bill of lading which is document of title to goods. The Bill of exchange drawn by the exporter along with the bill of lading for the goods shipped is accepted by the importer for payment as per the negotiated terms as to whether it is payable at sight or after a period of say 30 to 90 days. These three types of payment do not guarantee payment or shipment (in case of advance payment by the importer) to the respective party. The last of the above said types is the letter of credit. This form of payment removes difficulties encountered by the parties in the first three types of payment. The letter of credit has therefore been regarded as life blood of business as rightly said by Kerr L.J.2 This type of payment wherein third parties step in to guarantee payment thus lubricating the wheels of commerce is however not without problems that would affect the interests of either party.3 This paper discusses the importan ce of letter of credit as the lifeblood of international commerce in the following pages. Letter of Credit The letter of credit opened by a bank on behalf of an importer guarantees payment to the exporter in a foreign country through his nominated bank. Thus, the importer’s bank after satisfying with the credentials of the importer who may be its long standing client and taking necessary precautions to collect payment from its client, sends an irrevocable letter of credit as per the terms and conditions agreed upon between the importer and the exporter to the exporter’s bank. The exporter’s bank in turn forwards the letter of credit to the exporter and intimates the fact to the importer’s bank. The exporter ensures the compliance of stipulated terms and conditions and ships the goods to the importer. The bill of lading which evidences the shipment of goods and becomes the document of title to goods, is submitted to the exporter’s bank along with ot her documents such as invoice, certificate of insurance, certificate of origin etc and the bank is instructed to collect payment for the goods shipped against delivery of the said documents to the importer’

Rationale And Background Of The Study English Language Essay

Rationale And Background Of The Study English Language Essay Reading is indispensable if a person wanted to live comfortably in the modern society. It is the golden path in going to the world of enlightenment and enjoyment (Monuz, 2000). Reading is the activity characterized by the translation of symbols or letters in the words and sentences that have meaning to the individuals. The ultimate goal of reading is to be able to understand written materials to evaluate it, and to used it for ones needs (Paculanan 1999). Reading is consider as the most important subject in the curriculum, because its mastery depends on the learning of nearly to all other subjects. On account of this reality, Filipino educators have in countless instruction channeled their effort towards developing strategies and approaches in the teaching of reading (Tamundong 1998) Reading requires more than mechanical skills. As a tool for learning in the content subjects, the learners has to demonstrate growing ability to handle information effectively. In this area of complex skills are efficient location, selection organization, and retention of information and the ability to gain knowledge from the printed page depending on the learners that equipped with the necessary skills in reading. A persons reading abilities has a help to read facts about the varied and rich factual information and verbal knowledge accumulated through the ages and that of maturity, organizes these actual information and verbal knowledge, process, and interprets them through experiences to form concepts and principles which are essential in solving problems and in developing creative thinking. Paterno (1985), enumerated various factors in the disabilities or weaknesses of reading. This may range from defective hearing or maladjustments in school, to brain damage. Paterno added that some of the specific causes of reading disability, how ever, may cause by a combinations of several factors. The most common: (1) Physical Factors like defective hearing, speech, vision, inadequate nutrition, neurological dysfunction: (2) Educational factors- children have unique learning patterns and: (3) Environmental factors- not all learning takes place in a classroom and their environmental determines to a great extend, the Childs success in learning to read. To minimize if not to solve permanently the problems on reading, two objectives of education as stated in the educational act of 1982 are word mentioning. This are: (1) To provide the knowledge and develop skills, attitudes and values essential to personal development and nece4ssary for living in and contributing to a developing and changing social milieu, and (2) To provide learning experiences which increase the childs awareness of the responsiveness to the changes in and just demands of society, and to prepare for constructive and effective involvement (MEC Journal, 1991), Educational Act of 1982. Conceptual Framework Reading is one of the most needed skills to be learned in school. Seemingly, read is a word that always heard, yet difficult to discern. Reading scholars have not really come out with on universal definition of it. They only describe the characteristics of reading. Munoz (2000) describes reading as a two-way complex active process, which uses a high level of thinking skills such as literal (reading the lines), inferential (reading the lines) and critical (reading beyond the lines). However, comprehension is preceded by recognition of words, thus one can not really comprehend if he can not recognize the words correctly. Therefore in this study, the researchers want to find out the level of reading performance of the pupils in terms of word recognition. INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Descriptive research design using observation checklist. Oral reading performance of Grade II and Grade IV pupils. Determination of the reading performance of the Grade III and Grade IV pupils in terms of word recognition. Figure 1. Research Paradigm Table shows the input, process and the output variables used in this study. The input represents the oral reading performance of the respondents. The process is the tool used for data gathering and instrumentation in order to gather pertinent data needed for analyzing, tabulation and interpretation of the problem which includes the use of observation checklist arrive at the expected outputs which is the determination of the level of reading performance of the respondents in terms of word recognition. Statement of the problem The study seeks to find out the reading performance of the grade III and grade IV pupils of Bolosan Elementary School in terms of word recognition. It specifically sought to answer the following question: 1. What is the level of reading performance in terms of recognition of the: A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Grade III pupils B.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Grade IV pupils 2. Is there a significant difference between the level of reading performance of Grade III and Grade IV pupils in terms of word recognition. Hypothesis of the Study There is no significant difference between the level of reading performance of Grade III and Grade IV pupils in terms of word recognition. Significance of the Study Within the recent years, the demands for effective reading among pupils as an applicable instrument in development have become more prominent that always. Teachers and parents are in conformity on this scrupulous need. Conceptually, the study bring light to the student/pupils as a necessity in a more successful academic work. The result of the study are learned to benefit the following. Parents The results of the study serve as bases for the effective and efficient involvement of parents in the learning of their children especially with regards to reading. Pupils The pupils are the direct beneficiaries of the study. They will be benefited much from better school leading program, teachers guidance, parents assistance and other activities in the school, home, school administrators can offer them and also for them to know their reading abilities. Teacher The results of the study serve as an assessment and or diagnosis of reading ability of the pupil. From this the teacher would be able to designed effective reading classroom program for the pupil. School Administrators The result of the study may be used as reference guide for educational planning and policy formulation in the instruction level. Lastly, the result of this study may serve as a reference in determining the reading levels of the pupils which can serve as information in making more plans and programs by higher authorities based on the findings. It will also help in preparing reading materials based on needs and difficult5ies of the pupils. Scope and Delimitation of the Study The study is delimited to determine the level of reading performance of the respondents in terms of word recognition. The respondent of the study is composed of 41 grade III and 45 grade IV pupils. Reading comprehension is not included in the study. The study was started from July 2006. Definition of Terms Accuracy. Relates to the quality of a result and distinguished from processing, which relates to the quality of the operation by which the result is obtained. Effectiveness. Degree to which an activity or initiative is successful in achieving specified goal; Degree to which activities of a unit achieve the units mission or goal. Efficacy. Is the ability to produced an effect, usually a specifically desire defect Frustration. The pupils shows withdrawal from reading situations by crying or refusing to read. The pupils commit errors in reading such as reversal, repetition, substitution, insertion, mispronunciation and inability to interpret punctuation. Independent. The pupil is free from tension, finger pointing or lip movement. He reads with rhythm and with conversational tone and interprets punctuations correctly. Instructional. The pupils oral reading is rhythmical with conversational tone and correct interpretation. Non-reader. A pupil is unable to recognize and sound out letter sound connections for single consonants or unable to blend them. Phil IRI. Philippine Informal Reading Inventory which is a set of oral reading passages for the elementary grades in order to get the reading level og the public elementary school pupils. Reading ability. Is the awareness of print relationship to speech, text structure, phonological awareness and letter naming and writing and comprehension of reading material? It often measured by grade level. Word recognition. It refers to the ability of the pupils to recognize the words with correct pronunciation. Chapter II Review of Related Literature This chapter presents several studies concerning reading abilities and reading comprehension. However, such reviewed studies are related to the presents study in the sense that they all aimed to know about the study were the factors that affect the reading ability of grade 3 pupils. These related studies therefore, are discussed briefly in this chapter. Several program about reading as an active, meaningful, and constructive process. Before reading activities are used to build or activate relevant background knowledge, concepts, and vocabulary. Students are taught to monitor their reading to ensure that what they are reading makes sense. They are taught strategies for correcting word recognition errors that detract from meaning, and they are given opportunities for reacting and responding to selection they have read. The texts they are asked to read for enjoyment and for information. Other activities are developed within a framework of reading for meaning. Because reading for meaning is the constants point of reference and because students in these programs need substantial help in building word identification skills, the amount of time spent in discussing selection and in teacher questioning about the selection is kept to a minimum. All of the successful programs offer students special instruction on a daily basis for period ranging from 20 to 45 minutes. Daily contact with students ensures that progress is the steady and allows teachers to become very familiar with students and their strength and needs. Frequent contacts also allows teacher to reinforce and extend strategic behaviors that students are acquiring. An instructional period of at least 20 to 30 minutes allows time for instruction and practice along a number of dimension that provide students with the strategies they need to become effective readers. The prevailing philosophy in most of the other early interventions programs appears to be that first grade is the point where special help should be offered to prevent reading failure; that many, if not most, students will, by the end of first grade, be able to make sufficient progress in reading to function in a regular classroom setting without special help; but that some students will continue to need support through second grade. Though some of the programs began as just first grade programs, most now continue through second grade for students who need longer periods of special help. These programs use methods and materials that help students to recognize words accurately and rapidly, and to group words into meaningful phrases the three dimensions of fluency. The courage to reread a book several times once it has been introduced. There is evidence that the repeated reading of a texts leads to improved word identification skills and comprehension ( Adams, 1995). As children move through these programs, they become familiar with an increasing number of texts. They are encouraged to reread these texts to gain additional practice, to extend their fluency, and to build confidence in their growing reading competency. To avoid failure or frustration for students, each new book is introduced with as much as a teacher judges is needed. For example, a pictures walk is often used as a before reading activity. Students are asked to speculate about the texts contents, and unusual or difficult vocabulary is pointed out by the teacher and discussed. Thus, the student begins rea ding the book with prior knowledge and clear expectations about the selections contents. Another frequently used technique is shared reading, in which the texts is read first by the teacher as students follow along in the texts. Then as a group, students progress to reading the texts with the help as needed. Teacher support is gradually withdrawn, and students assume more responsibility. Finally, individual children practice reading the text. Instruction often moves from a shared reading model to guided reading in which students assume responsibility for the first reading of a selection after the teacher helps prepare them and supports them during their reading. In all the successful intervention programs there is a clear progression from much teacher support in the initial phases of the program to increase students independence. The types of texts most frequently used in early intervention program are predictable texts. The earliest books used in the programs tend to have a close match between pictures and texts, have recurring language patterns, and include repetition of language elements, which make them easy for students to read. Even children with very restricted word recognition capabilities quickly begin to think of themselves as readers because they are successful with these profitable texts. As students progress in the program, the degree of predictability decreases to ensure that the students attend to the printed texts in order to build a multifaceted word recognition strategy that will make them increasingly independent readers. In the initial phases of instruction, selections also tend to be short so that students can finish a text within an instructional period. As their reading capabilities grow, texts become longer and more challenging. While one of the successful program use traditional, narrow measures of readability, all sequence of the instructional materials, based on many factors including text predictability (reflected in factors such as recurring language patterns, close picture to text match, repetition of words), length of text, challenge of vocabulary, complexity of language, sophistication of concept so that students are challenged to apply the strategies and skills they are learning. Reading new text, and rereading familiar text insure that student in this programs engage in meaningful, connected reading. This program also includes activities that help students focus on and become familiar wit printed words. For example, the Winston-Salem Project uses a procedure called Making Words (Baker L. Brown A.L,1999). Students are presented with the letters that form a word from a selection they read. Words are selected because of their interest and because they contain words identification elements that will be useful for the students It has been recognized that asking students to write words (not copy) is a very effective approach in developing word recognition and reading skill (Adams, 1999;Clay, 1996). For example in the early intervention in reading program, the students select a student to write sentences. The teacher then encourages each students to think about the styling of each word and to write as much of the word as they can. Teacher support his offer only as needed in order to insure that the students write the word accurately. For example, for the children who are having difficulty with phonemic awareness, the teacher draws a box for each sound in the word. The children are guided to think about the number of sound in a word and the letters that represent those sound. For example, the teacher would draw 3 boxes for the word teach, grouping the EA and CH in separate boxes since that word EA and CH represents single sound. The following are regular pattern to he scheduled for better reading. Reading familiar texts. Reading or rereading a new book Working with words Writing words or sentences The researchers therefore want to find out what are the common factors affecting the reading performance of a child, thus, the study. Chapter III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the procedure utilized in the collection of data, the method employed in the presentation and interpretation to answer the problems presented in Chapter I. Research Design This study utilized the descriptive method of research. Descriptive because it seeks to investigate prevailing conditions about the level of reading performance of the respondents in terms of word recognition. (Adanza, 2002). Sources of Data Table 1 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents in Terms of Grade Level and Section Grade Section Frequency Percentage Grade III-B 41 47.67% Grade IV-B 45 52.33% Table 1 presents the respondents of the study which is composed of 41 grade III pupils belonging to section B and 45 pupils in Grade IV also in section B. This so because Grade III and IV are the middle grades in elementary and both section B for it is on the average position thus, they are better representatives for the study. Instrumentation and Data Collection The researcher adopted the Phil IRI oral reading test of the Bureau of Elementary Education SY 2006-2007. After asking permission from the principal, the researchers administered testing with the help of the teachers. The researchers adopted the Phil IRI oral reading test formula for finding the level of reading performance in terms of word recognition. Tools for Data Analysis The researchers used frequency and percentage counts for the presentation of data and the chi-square to test the hypothesis of the study. The formula for finding the level of reading performance in terms of word recognition which is adopted from the Phil IRI oral reading test is: Percent of miscue= No. of major miscue x 100 No. of words WR = 100% percent of miscue Where: No. of major miscue number of words that are not recognized or pronounced right. WR Level of word recognition For the percentage distribution, the formula used is: P = f/N x 100 Where: P Percentage f frequency N total number of cases or respondents For sub problem number 2, the researchers used the chi-square-goodness-of-fit test, that is: X2 = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ(O-E)2 E Where: X2 = Chi-Square O = Observed Frequency E = Expected Frequency Chapter IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS This chapter presents and discusses the results of the study to answer the problems in chapter I Table 2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Grade III pupils in Terms of Level of Word Recognition Level Frequency Percentage Independent 0 0% Instructional 17 41.46% Frustration 19 46.34% Nonreader 5 12.2% Total 41 100% The table shows that nobody is considered as independent reader. There are 17 (41.46%) who are under instructional, 19 (46.34%) under frustration and 5 (12.2%) under none-reader. Table 3 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Grade IV pupils in Terms of Level of Word Recognition Level Frequency Percentage Independent 0 0% Instructional 8 17.78% Frustration 35 77.78% Nonreader 2 4.44% Total 45 100% It is visible in the table that nobody also from the grade IV pupils is under independent category. Also showed that 8 (17.78%) are under instructional, 35 (77.78%) are lined at frustration category and 2 (4.44%) under none-reader type. Table 4 Frequency Distribution of the Respondents according to the Level of Reading Performance in Terms of Word Recognition With their corresponding Grade Levels Level Grade level Independent and Instructional Frustration and Non-reader Total Grade III 17 24 41 Grade IV 8 37 45 Total 25 61 86 Table 4 shows variation of the level of word recognition among the respondents. Table 5 Computation of the ChiSquare O E O-E (O-E)2 (O-E)2/E 17 11.92 5.08 25.81 2.1653 8 13.08 -5.08 25.81 1.9732 24 29.08 5.08 25.81 0.8876 37 31.92 -5.08 25.81 0.8086 à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ (O-E)2/E 5.8347 Where: at df = 1, the level of O Observed frequency significance at „ƒ = 0.05 E Expected frequency is 3.841 (Walpole, 1982) df = 1 „ƒ = 0.05 From the table 4, at 1 degree of freedom, the tabular value of chi-square at „ƒ = 0.05 is 3.841. Since, the tabular value is lesser than the computed value which is 5.8347, the hypothesis is rejected. Thus, there is a significant difference between the level of reading performance of Grade III and Grade IV pupils in terms of word recognition Chapter V SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION This chapter presents the summary, conclusion and the recommendations of the researchers based on the study. Summary The study was pursued to find out the level of reading performance of the grade III and grade IV pupils of Bolosan Elementary School in terms of word recognition. It sought to determine also whether there is significant difference between the two grade levels in terms or reading performance with regards to word recognition. The study used the descriptive method using checklist for the actual reading performance. This research was conducted from June to December 2006. Findings The researchers found out that 17 or 41.46% grade III pupils are under instructional or are rhythmical reader with conversational tone and correct interpretation. There are also 19 or 46.34% who shows withdrawal from reading situations by crying or refusing to read and committing errors. On the other hand, 8 or 17.78% of the grade IV are under instructional type, 35 or 77.78% are considered under frustration type while 2 or 4.44% are non-readers and lastly, nobody also is under independent type of reader. The bottom line is, it was found out that there is significant difference between the grade III and grade IV pupils in terms of level of reading performance with regards to word recognition. Conclusion Based from the analyzed data presented, the researchers concluded that grade III and grade IV pupils level of reading performance in terms of word recognition is mostly on the bracket of frustration and instructional type of readers, that is they show withdrawal from reading situations by crying or refusing to read and committing errors in reading such as reversal, repetition, substitution, insertion, mispronunciation and inability to interpret punctuation but others are rhythmical with conversational tone and correct interpretation. Recommendation From the findings of the study, the researchers recommend the following: Having been revealed that the level of reading performance of the grade III and grade IV pupils in terms of word recognition falls under the frustration and instructional type, the researchers recommend teachers to use more intensified instruction for the betterment of the reading performance of the pupils. The researchers also wish that future researchers will focus also on reading performances of the pupils in other aspects such as comprehension, speed and others.

Profile of Adolf Hitler (1889 -1945) Essay -- Papers

Profile of Adolf Hitler (1889 -1945) Family Background Adolf Hitler was born on April 20th 1889 in Braunau-am-Inn, Austria. The town is near to the Austro-German border, and his father, Alois, worked as a customs officer on the border crossing. His mother, Klara, had previously given birth to two other children by Alois, (Gustav and Ida) but they both died in their infancy. Adolf attended school from the age of six and the family lived in various villages around the town of Linz, east of Braunau. By this time Adolf had a younger brother, Edmund, but he only lived until the age of six. In 1896, Klara gave birth to Adolf 's sister, Paula, who survived to outlive him. When his father died in 1903, Hitler saw this as a relief to him. However when his mother Klara died of cancer in 1907, Hitler was devastated, as she was loving and caring of him and his siblings, unlike his father, who was a strict disciplinarian. Childhood/Youth =============== Hitler grew up with a poor record at school and left before completing his education, with an ambition to become an artist. During his school years Hitler only showed and interest in two of his subjects which were Gymnastics and Art. After his father's death in 1903, Klara Hitler brought up the thirteen year old Adolf and Paula on her own. Between the ages of sixteen and nineteen, Hitler neither worked to earn his keep, nor properly studied, but had gained an interest in politics and history. During this time he unsuccessfully applied for admission to the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts. When his mother died, 19 year old Hitler had no relatives to support him any more. So in ... ...920 Hitler chose the swastika as the Nazi party emblem. By 1921 Hitler had virtually secured total control of the Nazi party, however this was not to the liking of all Nazis. In July of that year, whilst Hitler was away in Berlin, the angry members of the party proposed a merger with a like-minded political party in Nuremberg in the hope that this would stop Hitler's influence. On hearing the news, Hitler rushed back to Munich to confront the party and threatened to resign. The other members were aware that Hitler was bringing funds into the organization, from the collections following his speeches at meetings and from other sources. Thus they knew they couldn't afford his resignation. Hitler then turned tables on the committee members and forced them to accept him as formal leader of the party with dictatorial powers.

Utilization of Marigold Extract as Household Insecticide

UTILIZATION OF MARIGOLD EXTRACT (Tagestes erecta L. ) AND CIGARETTE BUTTS AS HOUSEHOLD INSECTICIDE INTRODUCTION Most insecticides effective for household use are inorganic which tend to be harmful to the user and to the environment. Recent statistics show that 75% of households use some form of insecticide, with much of this being used indoors. They are used to kill ants and roaches, mosquitoes, flea and tick. By design these products are all intended to be lethal – to insects that is! People can be affected to some degree as all. Thus, this study aimed to develop an alternative household insecticide utilizing the Extract from Marigold Plant (Tagetes erecta L. ) and recycled cigarette butts as highly economic, environmentally safe and user friendly insecticide preparation with no cost. Marigold Plant is said to contain an active ingredient, phototoxin Alpha-terthienyl which functions as a nematicide. It is more effective when it is being exposed to sunlight since it generates its phototoxin which makes an interesting natural insecticide. Statement of the Problem: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of Marigold Extract as an alternative household insecticide. Specifically the study sought to answer the following questions: 1. What are the active chemical components found on Marigold Extract making it ideal as an insecticide alternative? 2. Is there a significant difference on the effect of different Marigold Extract Concentrations on the mortality rate of the insects? 3. Is the use of Marigold Extract feasible as a household insecticide? Significance of the Study The quality of the environment in which people work, live or play, the health of individuals, the quality of certain goods such as food products can all be affected by insects of different kinds. From time to time, it happens that new kinds of diseases even appear in our environment which are spread around by insects imported from remote areas together with goods. Insecticides can help to address these cases of emergencies. This study aimed to develop an alternative household insecticide utilizing the Extract from Marigold Plant (Tagetes erecta L. ) and recycled cigarette butts as highly economic, environmentally safe and user friendly insecticide preparation with no cost. The result of the study is expected to give information and knowledge to widely addressed the growing demand of ridding these irritating insects out of our sights at the expense of those materials that we could actually found inside our household. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS Cigarette butts – are the residue bottom part of a cigarette containing alkaloid nicotine. Extract – obtain something from source: to obtain something from a source, usually by separating it out from other material Insects – are a  class  of living creatures that have a  three-part body three pairs of jointed   and two  antennae. Just like mosquitoes, cockroaches, tick, fleas. Insecticides- An  insecticide  is a  pesticide  used against  insects. They include ovicides and  larvicides  used against the  eggs  and  larvae  of insects respectively. Marigold – is an erect, smooth, branched, rank-smelling herb, o. 3 to 0. 8 meters high. Leaves are 4 to 7 cm long, deeply pinnatifid with linear-lanceolate segments. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Marigold (Tagetes erecta L. ) is an erect, smooth, branched, rank-smelling herb, o. 3 to 0. 8 meters high. Leaves are 4 to 7 cm long, deeply pinnatifid with linear-lanceolate segments. Heads are solitary, 1. 5 to 2 cm in diameter, borne on long peduncles, which are thickened upward. Flowers are pale to deep yellow, sometimes red. Flowers yield a yellow crystalline substance, quercetagetine. The dye was found several shades browner than quercetin. (http://www. primaryinfo. com/industry/tagetes-oil. htm) Marigold Plant is said to contain an active ingredient, phototoxin Alpha-terthienyl which functions as a nematicide. It is more effective when it is being exposed to sunlight since it generates its phototoxin which makes an interesting natural insecticide. Study of roots, leaves and flowers yielded thiophenes, steroidal and terpenoidal type constituents. And these secretions coming from the extracted part provides an insecticidal effect on the soil, against nematodes and keeled slugs and insects. (http://www. homeremedycentral. com) While marigolds (Tagetes species) are typically grown for ornamental purposes as bedding plants, studies have found that they can be highly toxic to plant-parasitic nematodes and are capable of suppressing a wide range (up to 14 genera) of nematode pests. Marigold plants produce a number of potentially bioactive compounds, among which ? therthienyl is recognized as one of the most toxic. This sulfur-containing compound is abundant in marigold tissues, including roots. It has nematicidal, insecticidal, fungicidal, antiviral, and cytotoxic activities, and it is believed to be the main compound responsible for the nematicidal activity of marigold. (Topp, E. , S. Miller, H. Bork, and M. Welsh. 1998. ) The contr ol of insect populations  is the reason for the use of insecticides. The suffix ‘-cide' refers to killing. The term may refer to sprays that are chemical, homemade, or organic. The more powerful insecticides have the capability of almost totally eliminating an insect population from a specified area. The less powerful may require several appliations before the desired effects become obvious. (http://wiki. answers. com) METHODOLOGY Inventions have evolved and continue to evolve such that after several years of study, research and experimentation reach great developments. With continuing efforts to investigate the constituents of Philippine plants, we have pursued investigation of the feasibility of Marigold Extract as an ideal component for a household insecticide. Marigold plant parts (Flowers and leaves) were gathered, ground and squeezed and extracted. Extracting the Plant and Cigarette Butts 1. Gather  and collect 3 partitions of (75 grams, 50 grams and 25 grams) of Marigold Plants and leaves. 2. Wash the parts and pound separately with the use of mortar and pestle. 3. Placed the pounded parts into a cheesecloth to squeezed the extract. 4. Gather three, 25 grams of cigarette butts. Remove the cigarette wrappers to expose the tobacco. 5. Pound the tobacco to fine powder using mortar and pestle. 6. Passed the powdered tobacco through a mesh sieve. Preparing the Insecticide Concentrations For Set-up 1: 1. Combined the 75 grams extracted Marigold Plant with 25 grams pounded tobacco from cigarette butts. 2. Add 100 ml of water and 1. 5 grams of detergent powder as surface active agent. 3. Filter the mixture with a cheesecloth. 4. Label the product and let it stay for 2 hours before using. For Set-up 2: 1. Combined 50 grams of extracted Marigold Plant with 25 gram pounded cigarette butts. 2. Do the same procedure with that of Set-up 1. For Set-up 3: 1. Combined 25 grams of Extracted Marigold Plant with 25 gram pounded cigarette butts. . Do the same procedure with that of the 2 Set-ups. 3. Label the product and ready for use as an insecticide spray. Statistical Tools Used After the data were all gathered, it was tabulated and interpreted using the following statistical tools. A. Percentage – is used in ranking the mortality rate of each sample insects using the different set-ups. X where x= mortality rate % = n (100) n = tot al number of observation B. Mean is used to determine whether there exists significant relationship among the variables. fo where fo = total number of observed samples x= n n = no. of set-ups RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This chapter presents the results, analyzes and interprets the findings in accordance with the specific problems of the study. The main concern of the study is to determine the feasibility of Marigold Extract as an active component for household insecticide. Table 1. Effect of Marigold Concentrations on the Mortality of Insects |Set-ups |No. of Mosquitoes |Percentage (%) |No. of Cockroaches |Percentage (%) | |. 10 |100 |10 |100 | |Set-up 1 | | | | | |Set-up 2 |8 |80 |7 |70 | |Set-up 3 |8 |80 |6 | 60 | |Total |26 |87% |23 |77% | |Mean |8. 7 | |7. 66 | | Based on the table above, results showed that Set-up 1 got the highest mortality rate in both Mosquito and Cockroaches Sample. Out of 10 Mosquitoes and Cockroaches, Set-up 1 got a 100% mortality rate. It was then followed b y the concentration of Set-up 2 with 80% mortality rate for mosquito samples and 70% for cockroaches. Lastly Set-up 3 got 80% mortality rate for mosquito sample and 60% for cockroaches sample respectively. Table 2. The Frequency of Spray Concentration on Mortality of Insects |Set-ups |Frequency of Spray | | |Mosquito |Cockroach | |Set-up 1 |6 |10 | |Set-up 2 |9 |12 | |Set-up 3 |12 |15 | |Mean |9 |12. 33 | Table 2 shows the Frequency of Spray for each Set-up concentrations towards mortality of insect samples. Set-up 1 got the least number of sprays required for the insect to totally rid. Followed by Set-up 2 and Set-up 3 respectively. The three Set-ups got a Mean of 9 sprays for Mosquito samples and 12 sprays for Cockroach samples. FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS This chapter presents the summary of the findings of the study regarding the feasibility of Marigold Extract and Cigarette butts as Household Insecticide. Conclusions drawn from the results gathered as well as the possible recommendation of researchers are presented in this chapter. Summary of Findings Results of the study revealed the following findings: 1. Among the three set-ups being introduced, Set-up 1 (75 g Marigold Extract Concentration) got the highest mortality rate among insect samples. Out of 10 insect samples, Set-up 1 got 100% mortality rate. 2. Among the three set-ups, Set-up 1 (w/ 75 g Marigold Extract) got the least number of frequency needed in spraying the insects to totally rid them. Conclusions: Based from the summary of findings, the following conclusions were drawn: 1. The greater is the concentration of Marigold Extract, the greater also is the mortality rate of the insect samples. 2. The greater is the concentration of Marigold Extract, the least number of spray is needed to totally rid those insect samples. 3. There is a significant difference between the concentration of Marigold extract and its effect towards the Mortality rate of insects. 4. Marigold Extract can be utilized as an active component for an alternative household insecticide. Although its shelf life is short. The formulations lasted five days before molds were observed. Recommendations: 1. Future studies will be conducted to enhance or lengthen the utilization period (expiry period) of the insecticide. 2. Another active ingredients can be added to the mixture to enhance its feasibility as household insecticide. 3. Essential Oils can be added to avoid the stingy-irritating odor of insecticide. BIBLIOGRAPHY Leopold, A. Carl. (1994). Plant Growth and Development: Pest Control. USA:McGraw Hill Inc. pp 327-336. Topp, E. , S. Miller, H. Bork, and M. Welsh. (1998. ) Botany: Wonders of Marigold. New York: Harper and Row, Publishing Inc. pp. 301 – 315. Miller, H. Bork, and M. Welsh. 1998. Effects of marigold (Tagetes sp. ) roots on soil Microorganisms. Biology and Fertility of Soils 27: 149–154 http://www. primaryinfo. com/industry/tagetes-oil. htm http://www. homeremedycentral. com http://wiki. answers. com